ABSTRACT Medium-density particleboards represent an alternative for the use of lignocellulosic by-products, found in abundance and which causes environmental impacts when improperly disposed of. In this scope, the objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of multilayer particle boards, produced with sugarcane bagasse and polyurethane resin based on castor oil (PU-castor) and compare the results with the requirements established by the Brazilian standard for wood particle board (NBR 14810-2:2018). For that, the physical and mechanical properties and the resistance to humidity of multilayer particle boards with a thickness of 15 mm and medium density (600 and 750 kg.m-3) of agglomerated sugarcane bagasse particles were analyzed. with castor oil PU resin (12% for the inner layer and 15% for the outer layer). The results obtained indicated that the panels with 750 kg.m-3 presented better performance, reaching all the requirements required to classify them, according to the recommendations of the Brazilian standard for wood panels, such as P2 type panels, non-structural use in dry conditions.

RESUMO Os painéis de partículas de média densidade representam uma alternativa para uso dos subprodutos lignocelulósicos, encontrados de forma abundante e que ocasionam impactos ambientais quando descartados de forma inadequada. Nesse escopo, o objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em avaliar o potencial de painéis de partículas multicamadas, produzidos com bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e resina poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona (PU-mamona) e confrontar os resultados com os requisitos estabelecidos pela norma brasileira de painéis de partículas de madeira (NBR 14810-2:2018). Para tanto, foram analisadas as propriedades físicas e mecânicas e a resistência à umidade, de painéis de partículas multicamadas com espessura de 15 mm e média densidade (600 e 750 kg.m-3) de partículas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar aglomeradas com resina PU mamona (12% para camada interna e 15% para camada externa). Os resultados obtidos indicaram que os painéis com 750 kg.m-3 apresentaram melhor desempenho, atingindo todos os requisitos exigidos para classificá-los, de acordo com as recomendações da norma brasileira para painéis de madeira, como painéis do tipo P2, uso não estrutural em condições secas.

ABSTRACT Volleyball performance depends partially on lower limb strength. The phase angle (PhA) is a marker of functional muscle mass and a surrogate measure of athletic muscle performance. This study aimed to verify the correlation between PhA (bioimpedance) and lower limb muscle strength in young volleyball athletes. The sample included 38 young male volleyball athletes (Age: 16.7± 1.3 years; Weight: 73.7± 9.7 kg; Height: 179.3± 6.9 cm). We performed a cross-sectional observational study and evaluated the volleyball athletes for vertical jump tests (Counter-Movement Jump: CMJ and Squat Jump: SJ) and whole-body bioimpedance. The Pearson test showed positive and moderate significant correlations between the PhA, CMJ, and SJ (r= 0.550 and r= 0.559, respectively). Our findings demonstrated that assessing the PhA through bioimpedance provides relevant measures of muscle strength and power in young volleyball athletes.

Abstract Neurological disorders in cattle comprise a group of economically relevant diseases with high occurrence and mortality. In this way, the objective was to carry out an epidemiological study of the diseases with neurological manifestations in cattle admitted (alive or dead) to the Garanhuns Bovine Clinic/Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (CBG/UFRPE) from January 2009 to December 2019. Epidemiological information was collected from the clinical records regarding the age group, rearing system, time of year, and area of origin of the animals. The diseases were grouped into categories according to their origin: toxic or toxi-infectious, viral, traumatic/physical, parasitic, metabolic degenerative, bacterial, neoplastic, and others. A total of 6103 cattle were treated during the study period, of which 604 (10.1%) were diagnosed with diseases that had neurological manifestations. Of these, 331 cases were of single occurrence, and 231 cases occurred as outbreaks in the herd. Death was the outcome in almost 80% of the cases (465/596). The frequencies of the different categories were toxic or toxi-infectious (25.2%), viral (21.5%), traumatic/physical (13.6%), parasitic (9.8%), metabolic (9.3%), degenerative (2.3%), bacterial (2.2%), neoplastic (1.2%), and others (1.2%). It was found that almost half of the animals were older than 24 months (229/475), almost 80% were females, more than 60% were submitted to a semi-intensive to intensive rearing system, and the occurrence of disease was higher during the dry period of the year (363/614). The three most frequent neurological diseases in this study were rabies, trauma, and botulism.

Resumo Os distúrbios neurológicos em bovinos abrangem um grupo de enfermidades economicamente relevantes de elevada ocorrência e mortalidade. Desta forma, objetivou-se realizar um estudo epidemiológico das enfermidades que cursaram com manifestações neurológicas que deram entrada (vivos ou mortos) na Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns/Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco no período de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2019. Nos prontuários clínicos, foram coletadas informaçõe epidemiológicas referentes ao sexo; a faixa etária; ao sistema de criação, época do ano e a área de procedência dos animais. As doenças foram agrupadas em categorias de acordo com sua origem: tóxica ou toxi-infecciosa, viral, traumática, parasitária, degenerativa, metabólica, bacteriana, neoplásica e outras. Um total de 6103 bovinos foram atendidos no período estudado, dos quais 604 (10,1 %) foram diagnosticados com enfermidades que cursaram com manifestações neurológicas. Destes, 331 casos foram de ocorrência individual, 231 casos cursaram como surtos no rebanho. Quase 80% dos casos (465/596) teve o óbito como desfecho. As frequências das distintas categoria foram tóxica ou toxi-infecciosa (25,2%), viral (21,5%), traumática/física (13,6%), parasitária (9,8%), metabólica (9,3%, degenerativa (2,3%), bacteriana (2,2%), neoplásica (1,2%), outras (1,2%). Verificou-se que quase metade dos animais apresentavam idade superior a 24 meses (229/475), quase 80% eram fêmeas, mais de 60% eram submetidos a um sistema de criação de semi-intensivo a intensivo e a ocorrência foi maior durante o período seco do ano (363/614). As três enfermidades com manifestações neurológicas de maior ocorrência neste estudo foram a raiva, os traumatismos e o botulismo.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of clinical and subclinical pregnancy toxemia (PT) forms on the dynamics of blood metabolites, composing the protein, enzymatic and mineral profiles of dairy goats during the transitional period. 111 multiparous dairy goats were used in this research. The animals were raised under an intensive system. Experimental groups (n=3) were created using the βHB blood concentrations as a cut-off point. The G1 or control group (n = 40), G2 or subclinical PT group (n = 39) were established when least one of the experimental assessment times presented βHB values between 0.8 mmol/L and 1.6 mmol/L; whereas G3 or clinical PT group (n = 32), which at any of the experimental assessment times of βHB values were higher than 1.6 mmol / L when verified and also presented clinical signs of PT. The animals were evaluated on the 30th , 20th and 10th day ante-partum (dap), at parturition and on the 10th, 20th and 30th day postpartum (dpp). Total proteins (TP), albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Gamma glutamiltransferase (GGT), creatine kinase (CK), amylase, phosphorus, chloride and calcium, sodium and potassium ions were measured. The analysis of variance (F Test) was performed in order to investigate the effects and interactions between group and assessment times. Clinical and/or subclinical disease during the transitional period resulted in an increase of phosphorus and potassium concentrations (P<0.05), while a decrease in total protein, albumin, globulin, and ionized calcium values was observed (P<0.05). No statistical effect of PT on urea, creatinine, AST, GGT, CK, amylase and sodium was observed (P>0.05). Except the ionized calcium and phosphorus, the levels of all the metabolites were influenced (P<0.05) by late pregnancy, parturition and lactation. The occurrence of the subclinical form was higher than the clinical form during the transitional period. Among the all variables studied, mineral profile were those that suffered alteration resulting from PT, highlighting the ionized calcium. Attention is drawn to the magnitude of the impact of disease on these components interfering in animal health.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência das formas clínica e subclínica da toxemia da prenhez (TP) na dinâmica dos metabólitos sanguíneos, compondo os perfis proteico, enzimático e mineral das cabras leiteiras durante o período de transição. Foram utilizadas 111 cabras multíparas que eram criadas em sistema intensivo. Grupos experimentais (n=3) foram criados utilizando diferentes concentrações séricas de βHB como ponto de corte, o G1 grupo controle (n=40), G2 grupo subclínico da TP (n=39) estabelecido quando pelo menos um dos momentos experimentais apresentou valores de βHB entre 0,8 mmol/L e 1,6 mmol/L; e o grupo G3, com manifestação clínica da TP (n=32), que em qualquer um dos momentos os valores de βHB foram superiores a 1,6 mmol/L. Os animais foram avaliados aos 30º, 20º e 10º dias antes do parto (dap), no parto e no 10º, 20º e 30º dia pós-parto (dpp). Proteínas totais (PT), albumina, globulina, ureia, creatinina, aspartato aminotransferase (AST), gama glutamiltransferase (GGT), creatina quinase (CK), amilase, fósforo, cloreto e cálcio, sódio e potássio foram mensurados. A análise de variância (Teste F) foi realizada com o objetivo de investigar os efeitos e interações entre os tempos dos grupos. A doença clínica e/ou subclínica resultou num aumento das concentrações de fósforo e potássio (P<0,05), foi observada uma diminuição nos valores de proteína total, albumina, globulina e cálcio ionizado (P<0,05). Não houve efeito estatístico da TP sobre a uréia, creatinina, AST, GGT, CK, amilase e sódio (P>0,05). A ocorrência da forma subclínica foi maior que a clínica durante o período de transição. As variáveis que compõem o perfil mineral foram as que apresentaram alterações decorrentes da TP, destacando-se, o cálcio ionizado. Chama-se a atenção o impacto que a doença reflete nesses componentes e na saúde do animal.

Abstract This study aimed to identify clinical and laboratory variables that could help predict the negative outcome in cattle affected by gastrointestinal emergencies. A retrospective cohort study was carried out using multivariate logistic regression analysis based on data collected from the clinical records of cattle hospitalized at the Garanhuns Bovine Clinic, UFRPE campus. One hundred and twenty-two cattle met the inclusion criteria established for the study. Among the clinical variables, heart rate (HR) and abdominal distension are associated with the outcome in animals with right displaced abomasum (RDA), and anorexia and 10% dehydration in animals with an obstructive intestinal disorder. Among the laboratory variables, plasma fibrinogen (PF) and total leukocyte count were associated with the outcome in animals with RDA, while PF and plasma L-lactate were associated with animals with an obstructive intestinal disorder. HR and the total leukocyte count remained in the final model of the regression adjusted for animals with RDA. On the other hand, plasma L-lactate and PF remained in the final model in the adjusted model for animals with an obstructive intestinal disorder. Cattle with RDA and HR higher than 90 bpm present an increased chance of having a negative outcome whereas cattle with obstructive intestinal disorder and plasma L-lactate higher than 1.84 mmol/L or PF higher than 850 mg/dL have a higher chance of not survive. Therefore, clinical and laboratory variables such as HR, fibrinogen, and plasma L-lactate are useful to predict the negative outcome in cattle with gastrointestinal emergencies, especially RDA and obstructive intestinal disorders.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais que pudessem ajudar a predizer o desfecho negativo em bovinos acometidos por emergências gastrointestinais. Foi realizado um estudo de coorte retrospectivo por meio de análise de regressão logística multivariada com base em dados coletados dos prontuários de bovinos internados na Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, campus da UFRPE. Cento e vinte e dois bovinos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão estabelecidos para o estudo. Dentre as variáveis clínicas, a frequência cardíaca e a distensão abdominal estão associadas ao desfecho em animais com deslocamento de abomaso à direita (DAD), e anorexia e 10% de desidratação em animais com distúrbio intestinal obstrutivo. Entre as variáveis laboratoriais, o fibrinogênio plasmáticao (FP) e a contagem total de leucócitos foram associados ao desfecho em animais com DAD, enquanto o FP e o L-lactato plasmático foram associados a animais com distúrbio intestinal obstrutivo. A frequência cardíaca (FC) e a contagem total de leucócitos permaneceram no modelo final da regressão ajustada para animais com DAD. Por outro lado, o L-lactato plasmático e o FP permaneceram no modelo final ajustado para animais com distúrbio intestinal obstrutivo. Bovinos com DAD e FC maior que 90 bpm apresentam maior chance de ter um desfecho negativo, enquanto bovinos com distúrbio intestinal obstrutivo e L-lactato plasmático maior que 1,84 mmol/L ou FP maior que 850 mg/dL têm maior chance de não sobreviver. Portanto, variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais como FC, FP e L-lactato plasmático são úteis para predizer o desfecho negativo em bovinos com doenças emergências gastrointestinais, especialmente DAD e distúrbios intestinais obstrutivos.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and pathological findings of type 1 and 2 abomasal ulcers in cattle with different primary comorbidities. A total of 201 animals; 40/201 (20%) were young cattle under the age of two years and 161/201 (80%) were adult cattle over the age of two years, which were hospitalized for clinical care 152/201 (75,62%), 19/201 (9,45%) obstetric care, 17/201 (8,46%) surgical care and 13/201 (6,47%) for anatomopathological diagnosis, being euthanized or had natural death. The diagnosis of ulcers was based on the result of the post-mortem examination (macroscopic and histopathological analysis). Histopathological examination was performed on 201 fragments of ulcers and classified as type 1 or type 2. Of these, 193/201 (96.01%) corresponded to type 1 ulcers, of which 12/193 (5.97%) corresponded to subtype 1a lesions, 101/193 (50.25%) to subtype 1b, 77/ 193 (38.31%) to subtype 1c, 03/193 (1.49%) to subtype 1d, while 08/201 (3.98%) were type 2 ulcers. The ulcers were characterized by a focal, focally extensive, multifocal or diffuse inflammatory process, mainly by mononuclear cells. Abomasitis associated with ulcerated mucosa was found in 160/201 (79.60%). In 26/201 (12.93%) the abomasitis had diffuse foci of multifocal lymphocytic proliferation by atypical lymphocytes. Digestive and reproductive comorbidities were seen more frequently in cattle with type 1 or type 2 ulcers. The Subtype 1b focal ulcers and subtype 1a and 1b multifocal ulcers were more prevalent. In addition to the presence of comorbidities, most cases occur in the dry period, associated with feeding with higher amounts of concentrates and silages.

Resumo Objetivou-se estudar os achados epidemiológico e anatomopatológico de úlceras do abomaso tipo 1 e 2 em bovinos com diferentes comorbidades primárias. Um total de 201 animais; 40/201 (20%) eram bovinos jovens com idade inferior a dois anos e 161/201 (80%) eram bovinos adultos com idade superior a dois anos, os quais foram internados para atendimento clínico 152/201 (75,62%), 19/201 (9,45%) obstétrico, 17/201 (8,46%) para atendimento clínico-cirúrgico e 13/201 (6,47%) para diagnóstico anatomopatológico, sendo eutanasiados ou tiveram morte natural. O diagnóstico das úlceras foi baseado no exame post-mortem (análise macroscópica e histopatológica). O exame histopatológico foi realizado em 201 fragmentos de úlceras e classificado como tipo 1 ou do tipo 2. Destes, 193/201 (96,01%) corresponderam a úlceras tipo 1, das quais, 12/193 (5,97%) corresponderam a lesões subtipo 1a, 101/193 (50,25%) a subtipo 1b, 77/193 (38,31%) a subtipo 1c, 03/193 (1,49%) ao subtipo 1d, enquanto 08/201 (3,98%) foram úlceras tipo 2. As úlceras foram caracterizadas por processo inflamatório focal, focalmente extenso, multifocais ou difusos, principalmente por células mononucleares. Abomasite associada à mucosa ulcerada foi encontrada em 160/201 (79,60%). Em 26/201 (12,93%) a abomasite apresentava focos difusos de proliferação linfocítica multifocal por linfócitos atípicos. As comorbidades digestivas e reprodutivas foram observadas com maior frequência em bovinos com úlceras tipo 1 ou tipo 2. As úlceras focais subtipo 1b e úlceras multifocais subtipo 1a e 1b foram mais prevalentes. Além da presença de comorbidades, a maioria dos casos ocorrerem no período seco, associados à alimentação com maiores aportes de concentrados e silagens.

Abstract Studies related to neurological diseases are of great importance in Veterinary Medicine, particularly those involving production animals, such as cattle, due to their wide sanitary and public health significance. Therefore, the current study aims to describe the frequency of occurrence of the main clinical, laboratory, and anatomopathological findings of cattle diagnosed with neurological diseases of viral origin. Screening was performed in the general register of patients diagnosed through anatomopathological and/or complementary examination with illnesses of viral origin, admitted (live or dead) to the Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns-UFRPE from January 2009 to December 2019. The information recovered was entered in a database created in the computer program Microsoft Excel 2010®, distributed into clinical, laboratory, and anatomopathological data. The clinical findings on neurological diseases of viral etiology were very varied and non-specific, and the anatomopathological findings, together with laboratory methods, were of fundamental importance for the establishment of the diagnosis. The high frequency of rabies cases in this study demonstrates the importance of this disease for cattle rearing, as well as for Public Health. We emphasize the importance of including malignant catarrhal fever and herpes meningoencephalitis in the differential diagnosis of neurological diseases in the region, as well as the adoption of sanitary measures.

Resumo Os estudos relacionados as doenças neurológicas assumem grande importância na Medicina Veterinária, particularmente os que envolvem animais de produção como os bovinos, em virtude da grande importância sanitária e de saúde pública. Nesse contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever a frequência de ocorrência dos principais achados clínicos, laboratoriais e anatomopatológicos dos bovinos diagnosticados com doenças neurológicas de origem viral. Realizou-se a triagem no livro de registro geral dos pacientes com enfermidades que cursaram com sintomatologia neurológica e que foram diagnosticados através de exame anatomopatológico e/ou complementares com enfermidades de origem viral, os quais deram entrada (vivos ou mortos) na Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns-UFRPE no período de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2019. As informações obtidas foram inseridas em um banco de dados elaborado no programa de computador Microsoft Excel 2010® distribuídas em dados clínicos, laboratoriais e anatomopatológicos. Os achados clínicos das enfermidades neurológicas de etiologia viral foram muito variados e inespecíficos, sendo os achados anatomopatológicos, aliados aos métodos laboratoriais, de importância fundamental para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico. A elevada frequência dos casos de raiva neste estudo demonstra a importância sanitária desta enfermidade para a pecuária bovina, como também para a saúde pública. Ressalta-se a importância da inclusão da febre catarral maligna e da meningoencefalite herpética no diagnóstico diferencial das doenças neurológicas na região, assim como a adoção de medidas sanitárias.

Abstract We aimed to compare the visual search strategies of young soccer players with different positional roles. Data was collected with the Mobile Eye Tracking — XG to verify gaze behaviour through visual focus. At the laboratory, an 11-a-side match play video-based soccer simulation from a third-person perspective was presented to the participants. Players were grouped according to their positional roles: defenders (n= 6), midfielders (n= 6) and forwards (n= 5). Visual search strategies were classified according to five fixation locations: “player in possession”, “ball”, “teammates”, “opponents” and “space”. The number of fixations and the fixation duration in each location was assessed. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare mean values. Midfielders and forwards showed significant differences in the number of fixations (15.50± 5.85 vs. 27.80± 7.36; p = 0.023) and fixation duration (8.00± 3.11 secs vs. 20.10± 8.47 secs; p = 0.016) for the category “ball”, as well as in the number of fixations (22.00± 5.62 vs. 34.60± 1.81; p = 0.044) for “teammates”. No other differences were observed. We concluded that the positional role was not relevant to the visual search strategy adopted by young soccer players. This finding is important for coaches and researchers to understand the cognitive and perceptual skills of young soccer players. It can also help coaches design specific training with appropriate stimuli for the players’ development.

Objective: The number of people suffering from depression and/or anxiety has increased steadily due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this context, web-based exercise interventions have emerged as a potential treatment strategy. The objective of this study was to synthetize evidence from randomized controlled trials regarding the effects of web-based exercise interventions on patients with depressive and/or anxiety disorders. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Six databases were searched (Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science), and eligible articles were identified according to a PICOS inclusion-exclusion approach (participants with depressive or anxiety disorders; web-based exercise interventions; active or passive control group; assessment of changes in depressive or anxiety disorders; randomized design). Primary outcomes were depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. The quality of evidence was assessed with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Results: Of 7,846 search results, three studies met the inclusion criteria (172 participants between 18 and 65 years of age, 95.9% women). The web-based exercise interventions lasted 8-12 weeks and involved endurance training, yoga, or combined endurance and strength training. The comparators involved non-exercise controls or active controls. Compliance rates were low. Web-based exercise interventions were not superior to controls regarding anxiety symptoms, and only one study found benefits for depressive symptoms (p ≤ 0.05). The quality of the cumulative evidence was low. Conclusion: The available data regarding the effects of web-based exercise interventions on depression and/or anxiety symptoms is scarce, the risk of bias is high, and the quality of the cumulative results is low. Currently, no clear recommendations can be provided. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42021225938.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as variações semanais no tipo e duração do treinamento, bem como parâmetros relacionados ao bem-estar, em jogadores de elite de voleibol. Vinte e quarto jovens jogadores de elite de voleibol da seleção Francesa (idade: 17,8 ± 1,0 anos) foram monitorados diariamente, e o tipo de treinamento, a duração do treinamento, a participação em partidas e o status de bem-estar foram medidos durante 22 semanas. A duração do treinamento de voleibol variou de 100 a 510 minutos por semana, enquanto a duração do treinamento de força e condicionamento variou de 97 a 262 minutos por semana. Os níveis de fadiga variaram de 1,5 a 2,8 A.U., e a dor muscular tardia (DMT) variou de 1,5 a 2,5 A.U. Correlação positiva grande foi encontrada entre sono e duração do jogo (r = 0,64) e entre estresse e volume semanal (r = 0,52). Além disso, uma correlação positiva moderada foi encontrada entre fadiga e duração da partida (r = 0,36), entre sono e volume semanal (r = 0,35), entre DMT e duração da partida (r = 0,43), entre estresse e treinamento de força (r = 0,42), treinamento de voleibol (r = 0,35), e duração da partida (r = 0,47). O presente estudo revelou variações naturais no volume de treinamento ao longo da temporada e dependência moderada entre treinamento semanal/duração da partida e status de bem-estar.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to describe weekly variations in the type and duration of training, as well as wellness-related parameters, in elite volleyball players. Twenty-four youth elite volleyball players from the French national team (age: 17.8 ± 1.0 y.o.) were monitored daily, and the type of training, training duration, participation in matches, and wellness status were measured over 22 weeks. Volleyball training duration varied from 100 to 510 minutes per week, while strength and conditioning training duration varied from 97 to 262 minutes per week. Fatigue levels varied from 1.5 to 2.8 A.U., and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) varied from 1.5 to 2.5 A.U. Large positive correlation were found between sleep and match duration (r = 0.64) and between stress and weekly volume (r = 0.52). Additionally, moderate positive correlation were found between fatigue and match duration (r = 0.36); between sleep and weekly volume (r = 0.35); between DOMS and match duration (r = 0.43); between stress and strength training (r = 0.42), volleyball training (r = 0.35), and match duration (r = 0.47). The present study revealed natural variations in training volume across the season and moderate dependency between weekly training/match durations and wellness status.

Resumo Objetivou-se estudar a ocorrência das afecções podais em bovinos atendidos na Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, Campus da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, no intervalo de 1999 a 2021. Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo dos prontuários, com total 334 casos, dos quais foram diagnosticadas 613 lesões digitais. Foi realizada a distribuição de frequência, média simples e desvio padrão para avaliação dos dados. A dermatite interdigital foi a mais frequente, sendo observada em 12,4% (76/613) dos casos, seguida por sola dupla 9,79% (60/613), laminite crônica 8,81% (54/613), úlcera de sola 7,83% (48/613) e a hiperplasia interdigital 7,24% (45/613). A laminite e suas consequências representaram 45% do total de lesões identificadas, acompanhadas por 36% das injúrias de causa secundárias ou incertas e de doenças infecciosas com 19%. A distribuição das lesões entre os membros foi de 68% nos pélvicos e 32% nos torácicos. As fêmeas criadas em sistema semi-intensivo, holandesas, com escore corporal III e porte grande eram mais acometidas. A claudicação estava presente em 78% dos animais, enquanto 10% não claudicavam. As taxas de letalidade e recuperação foram de 9% (31/334) e 73 % (243/334), respectivamente. No período chuvoso foram 51% dos casos e 49% na época seca. Os principais municípios de origem foram Bom Conselho 22,75% (76/334), Garanhuns 18, 86% (63/334) e Brejão 12,57% (42/334). O custo estimado com tratamento foi de US$ 150,13/caso. Provavelmente falhas de manejo nas propriedades foram importantes fatores de risco para as doenças. Sugere-se a implementação de medidas profiláticas para evitar as perdas econômicas associadas às enfermidades podais.

Abstract The objective was to study the occurrence of foot disorders in cattle treated at the Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, campus of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco from 1999 to 2021. A retrospective study of the medical records was carried out, with a total of 334 cases, in which 613 lesions were diagnosed. A frequency distribution, with simple mean and standard deviation was performed to evaluate the data. Interdigital dermatitis was more frequent in 12.4% (76/613), double sole in 9.79% (60/613), chronic laminitis in 8.81% (54/613), sole ulcer in 7.83% (48 /613), and interdigital hyperplasia in 7.24% (45/613). Laminitis and its consequences accounted for 45% of the total injuries identified, followed by 36% of injuries of secondary or uncertain cause, and 19% from infectious diseases. The distribution of lesions between the limbs was 68% in the pelvic and 32% in the thoracic limbs. Females, raised in a semi-intensive system, Holstein, with a body score of III, and large size were more affected. Lameness was present in 78% (260/334), while 10% (33/334) did not present lameness. The case fatality and recovery rates were 9% (31/334) and 73% (243/334), respectively. In total, 51% of cases occurred in the rainy season and 49% in the dry season. The main cities of origin were Bom Conselho 22.75% (76/334), Garanhuns 18.86% (63/334), and Brejão 12.57% (42/334). The estimated cost of treatment was US$ 150.13/case. Diseases are probably directly linked to management failure on the property due to the nature of the diagnosed diseases, in addition to the significant cost of the treatment of these animals, with the need for prophylactic measures in order to avoid the economic losses associated with foot diseases.

ABSTRACT Introduction: As coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) spread worldwide and social restrictions were intensified, difficulties in blood supply were expected to result in a shortage of blood donors, logistic issues and a change in blood consumption. Consequences could be detrimental to the meeting of the blood supply demand, especially in a decentralized blood bank in the State of São Paulo responsible for providing blood to more than 100 hospitals, mostly of the public health system. Aiming to minimize negative effects and focusing on maintenance of the blood supply, a different approach was discussed and adopted. Materials and methods: Briefly, strategies were related to monitoring and promoting measures to achieve a positive RBC unit balance. Thus, the number of donors, transfusions, RBC unit inventory, RBC unit loss and RBC units within up to 5 days from the expiration date were evaluated. Results: Several strategies were adopted to ensure sufficient availability of RBC units: blood donation was improved with social media and extra blood collections, a restrictive transfusion protocol was implemented, a new logistic process to use RBC units closer to the expiration date was established and non-isogroup transfusions were avoided. Conclusion: Altogether, described strategies were crucial to optimize blood storage during the pandemic. Investing in monitoring and logistics contributed to a positive RBC unit balance and conserving these strategies could be useful.

RESUMO: A hérnia reticular diafragmática é uma alteração congênita ou adquirida resultante da protrusão do retículo para o interior da cavidade torácica. Em ruminantes, lesões no músculo diafragmático devido a penetração de objetos metálico pontiagudos constitui a causa mais comum dessa enfermidade. Portanto, diante dos poucos relatos a cerca dessa enfermidade nos animais da espécie bovina, este estudo tem como objetivo descrever os achados clínicos, laboratoriais, anatomopatológicos e dar ênfase especial no diagnóstico ultrassonográfico de cinco bovinos acometidos com hérnia reticular diafragmática. Os dados laboratoriais foram analisados utilizando-se media e desvio padrão e os achados dos exames clínico, ultrassonográfico e anatomopatológicos foram avaliados através de estatística descritiva. Clinicamente os animais exibiam desidratação em variados graus, distensão abdominal, timpania e alterações na motilidade ruminal. Além de alterações cardiorrespiratórias como sopro, dispneia e abafamento dos sons pulmonares. O exame laboratorial revelou leucocitose por neutrofilia e hiperfibrinogenemia. As imagens ultrassonográficas revelaram retículo no interior da cavidade torácica adjacente ao pulmão e coração, porém nenhuma motilidade reticular foi observada. As lesões anatomopatológicas confirmaram os achados dos exames ultrassonográficos. Dessa maneira, este trabalho demonstrou que a ultrassonografia foi eficiente no diagnóstico da hérnia reticular diafragmática nos animais da espécie bovina.

ABSTRACT: A reticular diaphragmatic hernia is a congenital or acquired alteration resulting from protrusion of the reticulum into the thoracic cavity. In ruminants, lesions to the diaphragmatic muscle, due to penetration of sharp metallic objects, is the most common cause of this disease. Therefore, given the low number of reports on this disease in the bovine species, the current study aims to describe the clinical, laboratory, and anatomopathological findings, with special emphasis on the ultrasound diagnosis of five cattle with reticular diaphragmatic hernia. The laboratory data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, and clinical, ultrasound, and pathological findings were evaluated using descriptive statistics. Clinically the animals exhibited varying degrees of dehydration, abdominal distension, tympany, and alterations in ruminal motility, in addition to cardiorespiratory alterations such as murmur, dyspnea, and muffling of lung sounds. The laboratory examination showed neutrophilic leukocytosis and hyperfibrinogenemia. The ultrasonographic images demonstrated reticulum inside the thoracic cavity adjacent to the lung and heart, although no reticular motility was observed. The pathological lesions confirmed the findings of the ultrasound exams. Thus, the current study demonstrated that ultrasonography was efficient in diagnosing reticular diaphragmatic hernia in the bovine species.

RESUMO: Este trabalho teve por objetivo descrever os principais achados clínico-epidemiológicos, laboratoriais e anatomopatológicos de 10 bovinos diagnosticados com trombose da veia cava caudal. Os principais achados clínicos foram redução da produção leiteira, diminuição do apetite, apatia, comprometimento da dinâmica ruminal, alterações cardio-respiratórias (taquicardia e taquipnéia), epistaxe, hemoptise e ascite. Foi constatada a ocorrência de doenças intercorrentes como mastite, metrite e flebite. O hemograma revelou discreta anemia, leucocitose por neutrofilia com desvio para esquerda regenerativo e hiperfibrinogenemia. No exame anatomopatológico revelou trombos localizados na veia cava caudal, hepatomegalia, ascite e abscessos hepáticos; além de abscessos, enfisema e edema pulmonares. A associação de informações epidemiológicas, sinais clínicos como desconforto respiratório, epistaxe ou hemoptise, além de anemia e leucocitose por neutrofilia, bem como a ocorrência de trombo na veia cava caudal como achados patológicos são elementos indicativos do quadro clínico de trombose de veia cava em bovinos. Reitera-se que essa doença tem prognóstico desfavorável e, quando diagnosticada, o animal deve ser abatido.

ABSTRACT: This paper aimed to describe the main clinico-epidemiological, laboratory, and anatomopathological findings in 10 cattle affected with caudal vena cava thrombosis. The main clinical signs observed were decreased milk production, reduced appetite, apathy, impairment of ruminal motility, cardiorespiratory disorders (tachycardia and tachypnea), epistaxis, hemoptysis, and ascites. Intercurrent diseases such as mastitis, metritis, and phlebitis were verified. The hematological findings were mild anemia, leukocytosis due to neutrophilia with regenerative left shift, and hyperfibrinogenemia. The pathological exams revealed thrombi in the caudal vena cava, hepatomegaly, ascites, liver abscesses, pulmonary edema and emphysema, and abscesses in the lungs. The association of epidemiological information, clinical signs such as respiratory distress, epistaxis or hemoptysis, in addition to anemia and leukocytosis due to neutrophilia, as well as the occurrence of thrombus in the caudal vena cava as pathological findings, are indicative elements of the clinical picture of vena cava thrombosis in cattle. It is reiterated that this disease has an unfavorable prognosis and, when diagnosed, the animal must be culled.